http://tcm-toxic.kmu.edu.tw/index.php?title=%E7%95%AA%E6%A4%92(%E8%BE%A3%E6%A4%92)&feed=atom&action=history
番椒(辣椒) - 修訂歷史
2024-03-29T15:42:55Z
本站上此頁的修訂歷史
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Kmutox520: /* 活性研究 */
2012-12-01T02:49:40Z
<p><span class="autocomment">活性研究</span></p>
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<td colspan='2' style="background-color: white; color:black;">←上一修訂</td>
<td colspan='2' style="background-color: white; color:black;">在2012年12月1日 (六) 02:49所做的修訂版本</td>
</tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">第90行:</td>
<td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">第90行:</td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>=='''活性研究'''==</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>=='''活性研究'''==</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>-</td><td style="background: #ffa; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><font size=4 <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">color=green</del>></div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><font size=4></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>*1. Capsaicin目前以ointment及cream方式用來治療肌肉疼痛、關節炎、扭傷,局部使用可以合併局部麻醉劑用來作為合併療法。其中cream也可以治療牛皮癬,降低搔癢及發炎[3, 4]。些許研究發現Capsaicin對控制血糖有幫助[5, 6],動物實驗中也顯示由Capsaicin誘發的 Substance P能夠有助於反轉小鼠糖尿病的作用[7]。在cancer方面研究指出辣椒素可以有效抑制前列腺癌,促進癌細胞凋亡[8],對於胃癌細胞也有促進凋亡的現象[9]。除此之外還有抗氧化[10, 11]、有效抑制血小板凝集[12, 13]、劑量稍微高一點可以抑制voltage-activated dihydropyridine-sensitive calcium channels[14]因此可以降低cardiac conduction及antiarrhythmic [15]等等。</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>*1. Capsaicin目前以ointment及cream方式用來治療肌肉疼痛、關節炎、扭傷,局部使用可以合併局部麻醉劑用來作為合併療法。其中cream也可以治療牛皮癬,降低搔癢及發炎[3, 4]。些許研究發現Capsaicin對控制血糖有幫助[5, 6],動物實驗中也顯示由Capsaicin誘發的 Substance P能夠有助於反轉小鼠糖尿病的作用[7]。在cancer方面研究指出辣椒素可以有效抑制前列腺癌,促進癌細胞凋亡[8],對於胃癌細胞也有促進凋亡的現象[9]。除此之外還有抗氧化[10, 11]、有效抑制血小板凝集[12, 13]、劑量稍微高一點可以抑制voltage-activated dihydropyridine-sensitive calcium channels[14]因此可以降低cardiac conduction及antiarrhythmic [15]等等。</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div></font></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div></font></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>-</td><td style="background: #ffa; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><del style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"></del></div></td><td colspan="2"> </td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>== '''毒性研究''' == </div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>== '''毒性研究''' == </div></td></tr>
</table>
Kmutox520
http://tcm-toxic.kmu.edu.tw/index.php?title=%E7%95%AA%E6%A4%92(%E8%BE%A3%E6%A4%92)&diff=3026&oldid=prev
Kmutox520: /* 活性成份 */
2012-12-01T02:49:00Z
<p><span class="autocomment">活性成份</span></p>
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<td colspan='2' style="background-color: white; color:black;">←上一修訂</td>
<td colspan='2' style="background-color: white; color:black;">在2012年12月1日 (六) 02:49所做的修訂版本</td>
</tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">第79行:</td>
<td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">第79行:</td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>=='''活性成份'''==</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>=='''活性成份'''==</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>-</td><td style="background: #ffa; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><del style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">{| border="2" style="border-collapse;" </del></div></td><td colspan="2"> </td></tr>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><font size=4>'''果實'''[2]</font></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><font size=4>'''果實'''[2]</font></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>||<font size=4></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>||<font size=4></div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>*6. Nonivamide</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>*6. Nonivamide</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div></font></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div></font></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>-</td><td style="background: #ffa; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><del style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"></del></div></td><td colspan="2"> </td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>=='''活性研究'''==</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>=='''活性研究'''==</div></td></tr>
</table>
Kmutox520
http://tcm-toxic.kmu.edu.tw/index.php?title=%E7%95%AA%E6%A4%92(%E8%BE%A3%E6%A4%92)&diff=2640&oldid=prev
Kmutox520: /* 植物圖片 */
2012-10-29T23:49:09Z
<p><span class="autocomment">植物圖片</span></p>
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<td colspan='2' style="background-color: white; color:black;">←上一修訂</td>
<td colspan='2' style="background-color: white; color:black;">在2012年10月29日 (一) 23:49所做的修訂版本</td>
</tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">第30行:</td>
<td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">第30行:</td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>|-</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>|-</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>||</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>||</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>-</td><td style="background: #ffa; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>[[<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">檔案辣椒</del>-青實18.JPG|300px| ]]</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>[[<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">檔案:辣椒</ins>-青實18.JPG|300px| ]]</div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>辣椒果實(未成熟)</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>辣椒果實(未成熟)</div></td></tr>
</table>
Kmutox520
http://tcm-toxic.kmu.edu.tw/index.php?title=%E7%95%AA%E6%A4%92(%E8%BE%A3%E6%A4%92)&diff=2639&oldid=prev
Kmutox520: /* 植物圖片 */
2012-10-29T23:48:04Z
<p><span class="autocomment">植物圖片</span></p>
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<td colspan='2' style="background-color: white; color:black;">←上一修訂</td>
<td colspan='2' style="background-color: white; color:black;">在2012年10月29日 (一) 23:48所做的修訂版本</td>
</tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">第16行:</td>
<td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">第16行:</td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>{| border="2" style="border-collapse;" </div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>{| border="2" style="border-collapse;" </div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'>-</td><td style="background: #ffa; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>[[檔案:|300px| ]] </div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>[[檔案:<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">辣椒12.JPG</ins>|300px| ]] </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>-</td><td style="background: #ffa; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div> </div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div></div></td></tr>
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<tr><td colspan="2"> </td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div><ins style="color: red; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">辣椒</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>||</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>||</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>-</td><td style="background: #ffa; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>[[檔案:|300px| ]]</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>[[檔案:<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">辣椒-花04.JPG</ins>|300px| ]]</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>-</td><td style="background: #ffa; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div> </div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="background: #cfc; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div></div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div></font></div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div></font></div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>== '''番椒簡介''' ==</div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background: #eee; color:black; font-size: smaller;"><div>== '''番椒簡介''' ==</div></td></tr>
</table>
Kmutox520
http://tcm-toxic.kmu.edu.tw/index.php?title=%E7%95%AA%E6%A4%92(%E8%BE%A3%E6%A4%92)&diff=2584&oldid=prev
Kmutox520: 以內容「__NOTOC__ {| ||[http://tcm-toxic.kmu.edu.tw/index.php/%E5%AD%B8%E5%90%8D 中英文學名] ||[http://tcm-toxic.kmu.edu.tw/index.php/%E8%8C%84_%E7%A7%91 科別] ||[http...」創建新頁面
2012-10-29T13:44:16Z
<p>以內容「__NOTOC__ {| ||[http://tcm-toxic.kmu.edu.tw/index.php/%E5%AD%B8%E5%90%8D 中英文學名] ||[http://tcm-toxic.kmu.edu.tw/index.php/%E8%8C%84_%E7%A7%91 科別] ||[http...」創建新頁面</p>
<p><b>新頁面</b></p><div>__NOTOC__<br />
{|<br />
||[http://tcm-toxic.kmu.edu.tw/index.php/%E5%AD%B8%E5%90%8D 中英文學名]<br />
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||[http://tcm-toxic.kmu.edu.tw/index.php/%E8%8C%84_%E7%A7%91 科別]<br />
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{{:模板:基本資料|1=茄科Solanaceae|2=番椒屬|3= 'Capsicum'|4=番椒|5=''Solanum violaceum'' Ortega|6=Capsicum|7=牛角辣椒、青辣椒、辣椒、辣子、海椒、辣椒}}<br />
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== '''植物圖片''' ==<br />
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== '''番椒簡介''' ==<br />
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一或多年生灌木狀草本,株高50-90公分[1]。<br />
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== '''外觀簡述''' == <br />
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<font size=4>'''莖'''</font><br />
||<font size=4>莖直立多分枝[1]</font><br />
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||<br />
<font size=4>'''葉'''</font><br />
||<font size=4>單葉、互生,卵狀披針形,葉片長5至9公分,寬1至2公分[1]</font><br />
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||<br />
<font size=4>'''花'''</font><br />
||<font size=4>白色、淡黃綠色[1]</font><br />
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||<br />
<font size=4>'''果實'''</font><br />
||<font size=4>紅色或綠色</font><br />
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== '''產地''' ==<br />
<font size=4>熱帶美洲原產,台灣引進為經濟作物栽培[1]</font><br />
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=='''使用情況'''==<br />
<font size=4>果有溫中散寒,健胃消食,除濕發汗,興奮、刺激、活血、消腫等功效,也可治療風濕性關節炎、腮腺炎的疼痛。[1]</font><br />
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=='''活性成份'''==<br />
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<font size=4>'''果實'''[2]</font><br />
||<font size=4><br />
*1. Capsaicin<br />
*2. Dihydrocapsaicin<br />
*3. Nordihydrocapsaicin<br />
*4. Homodihydrocapsaicin<br />
*5. Homocapsaicin<br />
*6. Nonivamide<br />
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=='''活性研究'''==<br />
<font size=4 color=green><br />
*1. Capsaicin目前以ointment及cream方式用來治療肌肉疼痛、關節炎、扭傷,局部使用可以合併局部麻醉劑用來作為合併療法。其中cream也可以治療牛皮癬,降低搔癢及發炎[3, 4]。些許研究發現Capsaicin對控制血糖有幫助[5, 6],動物實驗中也顯示由Capsaicin誘發的 Substance P能夠有助於反轉小鼠糖尿病的作用[7]。在cancer方面研究指出辣椒素可以有效抑制前列腺癌,促進癌細胞凋亡[8],對於胃癌細胞也有促進凋亡的現象[9]。除此之外還有抗氧化[10, 11]、有效抑制血小板凝集[12, 13]、劑量稍微高一點可以抑制voltage-activated dihydropyridine-sensitive calcium channels[14]因此可以降低cardiac conduction及antiarrhythmic [15]等等。<br />
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== '''毒性研究''' == <br />
*<font size=4 color=green>'''症狀'''[16]</font> <font size=4><br />
**1. 皮膚部位發紅並有灼熱(63%)、刺痛感(42%)、搔癢、噁心嘔吐、水腫。<br />
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*<font size=4 color=green>'''有毒成分'''</font> <font size=4><br />
**Capsaicin<br />
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*<font size=4 color=green>'''中毒劑量'''[19]</font> <font size=4> <br />
**Rat LD50 (oral toxicity)<br />
***male 161.2 mg/kg <br />
***female 148.1 mg/kg<br />
**Mouse LD50 (oral toxicity)<br />
***male 118.8 mg/kg<br />
***female 97.4 mg/kg <br />
</font><br />
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*<font size=4 color=green>'''機轉'''</font> <font size=4> <br />
**Capsaicin為transient receptor potential vanilloid receptor 1 (TRPV1)之高選擇性致效劑[17],當TRPV1活化時會產生noxious stimuli, heat, extracellular acidification, 及integrates作用[18]。 <br />
</font><br />
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*<font size=4 color=green>'''神經毒性'''</font> <font size=4><br />
**1. 1996年研究指出,給予大劑量capsaicin於老鼠發現主要毒性症狀有流口水、皮膚紅腫、呼吸緩慢等等。有些動物研究發現會有顫抖、呼吸困難甚至是死亡[19] 。<br />
</font><br />
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*<font size=4 color=green>'''心臟毒性'''</font> <font size=4><br />
**2005年研究指出給予靜脈注射capsaicin於狗,發現急性單一劑量capsaicin1 mg/kg會明顯增加血壓、心跳等等急性心血管作用產生(例如:transient tachycardia and hypertension)[20]。<br />
</font><br />
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*<font size=4 color=green>'''基因毒性'''</font> <font size=4><br />
**基因毒性在ame test跟human peripheral blood lymphocytes (HPBL) assays之chromosomal aberration等等試驗皆沒有出現基因突變的現象產生,會產生mutation的機率很低[21]。<br />
</font><br />
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=='''毒性分級'''==<br />
<font size=4>[http://tcm-toxic.kmu.edu.tw/index.php/%E6%AF%92%E6%80%A7%E5%88%86%E9%A1%9E 級數B]</font><br />
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== '''參考文獻''' ==<br />
<font size=4><br />
1. 呂炎周. 台灣藥用植物名錄. In Edition 嘉義: 蘭潭彩色印刷股份有限公司 2006.<br />
<br />
2. Howard L. Constant and Geoffrey A. Cordel DPW. Nonivamide, a Constituent of Capsicum oleoresi. J. Nat. Prod. 1996; 59 (4): pp 425–426.<br />
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3. Glinski W, Glinska-Ferenz M, Pierozynska-Dubowska M. Neurogenic inflammation induced by capsaicin in patients with psoriasis. Acta Derm Venereol 1991; 71: 51-54.<br />
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4. Arnold WP, van de Kerkhof PC. Topical capsaicin in pruritic psoriasis. J Am Acad Dermatol 1994; 31: 135.<br />
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5. Lejeune MP, Kovacs EM, Westerterp-Plantenga MS. Effect of capsaicin on substrate oxidation and weight maintenance after <br />
modest body-weight loss in human subjects. Br J Nutr 2003; 90: 651-659.<br />
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6. Razavi R, Chan Y, Afifiyan FN et al. TRPV1+ sensory neurons control beta cell stress and islet inflammation in autoimmune diabetes. Cell 2006; 127: 1123-1135.<br />
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7. Tsui H, Razavi R, Chan Y et al. 'Sensing' autoimmunity in type 1 diabetes. Trends Mol Med 2007; 13: 405-413.<br />
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8. Mori A, Lehmann S, O'Kelly J et al. Capsaicin, a component of red peppers, inhibits the growth of androgen-independent, p53 mutant prostate cancer cells. Cancer Res 2006; 66: 3222-3229.<br />
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9. Chow J, Norng M, Zhang J, Chai J. TRPV6 mediates capsaicin-induced apoptosis in gastric cancer cells--Mechanisms behind a possible new "hot" cancer treatment. Biochim Biophys Acta 2007; 1773: 565-576.<br />
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10. Okada Y, Okajima H. Antioxidant effect of capsaicin on lipid peroxidation in homogeneous solution, micelle dispersions and liposomal membranes. Redox Rep 2001; 6: 117-122.<br />
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11. Rosa A, Deiana M, Casu V et al. Antioxidant activity of capsinoids. J Agric Food Chem 2002; 50: 7396-7401.<br />
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12. Hogaboam CM, Wallace JL. Inhibition of platelet aggregation by capsaicin. An effect unrelated to actions on sensory afferent neurons. Eur J Pharmacol 1991; 202: 129-131.<br />
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13. Wang JP, Hsu MF, Teng CM. Antiplatelet effect of capsaicin. Thromb Res 1984; 36: 497-507.<br />
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14. Sim JH, Kim YC, Kim SJ et al. Capsaicin inhibits the voltage-operated calcium channels intracellularly in the antral circular myocytes of guinea-pig stomach. Life Sci 2001; 68: 2347-2360.<br />
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15. D'Alonzo AJ, Grover GJ, Darbenzio RB et al. In vitro effects of capsaicin: antiarrhythmic and antiischemic activity. Eur J Pharmacol 1995; 272: 269-278.<br />
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16. UpToDate http://www.uptodate.com/contents/capsaicin-drug-information?source=search_result&search=capsaicin&selectedTitle=1~50#references.<br />
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17. Caterina MJ, Schumacher MA, Tominaga M et al. The capsaicin receptor: a heat-activated ion channel in the pain pathway. Nature 1997; 389: 816-824.<br />
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